基于端点白化权函数聚类的水环境质量等级评价分析

为更准确地评价水环境质量,将端点三角白化权函数灰色评估引入到水质综合评价中.针对以往灰色白化权函数评估主要通过测定指标灰聚类系数判定被评价对象的优劣强弱等级进行等级识别评价,对三角白化权函数计算方法进一步扩展,完成多评价对象的准确等级定位及比较排序.将这种方法应用于山东省聊城市东昌湖水水质评价中,经实例计算证明基于三角白化权函数灰色评估评价模型的稳定性、合理性和实用性为水质评价研究方法提供了新的思路和借鉴.     

胜利断块油藏细分注水技术界限研究

老油田进入特高含水期后,剩余油分布更加零散,各种地质因素也因长期注水开发而发生了一定的改变.此时稳油控水难度进一步加大,为了进一步挖掘剩余油,控制含水上升速度、减缓产量递减,必须对注水井采取进一步的细分调整.基于水湿油藏注水井注水层段吸水效果,从注入水受力分析入手,运用达西定律推导出了水驱油藏水驱油全过程中的单位体积注入水沿竖直、地层两个方向运移的渗流速度公式,明晰了水驱油藏注水层段不同开发阶段砂岩吸水机理.研究结果表明,水驱油藏细分注水效果与岩石绝对渗透率、水相相对渗透率、注入水黏度、水动力压力梯度、注水井启动压力梯度、含水饱和度、地层倾角、油水密度差等参数有关.结合胜利油田断块油藏地质特征及细分注水工艺要求,制定了一套适合胜利油田不同断块区的细分注水技术政策界限:层段内渗透率变异系数小于0.3,砂岩条带宽度极比小于2.5,且东辛油区断块油藏层段内砂岩厚度小于6m,小层数小于4个;现河油区断块油藏层段内砂岩厚度小于5m,小层数小于5个;临盘油区断块油藏层段内砂岩厚度小于6m,小层数小于6个.矿场试验证实,该细分注水技术政策界限是合理、实用的,其为胜利断块油藏注上水、注够水、注好水,实现多层断块油藏的高效开发提供了技术保障,对类似油藏细分注水技术界限研究具有一定的借鉴意义.     

Construction and application of carbon nanotube/polypyrrole-based bacterial surface imprinted sensorEI北大核心CSCD

A simple and fast "non-hole" bacteria surface imprinted (SPBIP) impedance sensor was constructed for ultrasensitive detection of Salmonella. The SPBIP sensor was prepared by one step electropolymerization of pyrrole (functional monomer), single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT, nano-modulator), and Salmonella(template) onto a glassy carbon electrode. After removing the bacterial template, "non-hole" imprinted sites were formed on the surface of the polymer matrix, allowing the target bacteria to be specifically recognized. The resulting changes in the electrode surface impedance could be used to detect the target bacteria. The effects of the amount of SWNT, polymerization cycles, eluents, elution time and recognition time on the recognition ability of the sensor were investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the sensor could be used to detect 10~1×107 CFU/mLSalmonella with the limit of detection of 3.5 CFU/mL. The sensor could be used for the detection of salmonella in drinking water and orange juice samples with the recoveries ranging from 95.4% to 109.5%. © 2023, Youke Publishing Co.,Ltd. All rights reserved.     

Z型CdIn2S4/ZnSnO3异质结的构筑及其光催化产氢性能

通过高温煅烧ZnSn(OH)₆前驱体制备了双壳中空立方体结构的ZnSnO₃(ZSO),进而采用水热法将CdIn₂S₄(CIS)纳米晶包裹在ZSO表面,成功制备了CdIn₂S₄/ZnSnO₃(CIS/ZSO)异质催化剂。活性产氢实验结果表明,CIS、ZSO物质的量之比为12%时制备的12% CIS/ZSO具有优异的光催化产氢性能,在3 h内产氢量为1 676.48 μmol·g^-1,分别是ZSO和CIS的12倍和8倍。ZSO光催化析氢反应活性的增强归因于CIS/ZSO异质结构的成功构建,异质界面的形成显著提高了光生电子/空穴对的分离效率,降低了其复合率。通过对电荷转移路径的分析,提出了可能的反应机理。     

Combinatorial Screening of Water/Proton Permeation of Self-Assembled Pillar[5]arene Artificial Water Channel Libraries

Artificial water channels (AWCs) that selectively transport water and reject ions through bilayer membranes have potential to act as synthetic Aquaporins (AQPs). AWCs can have a similar osmotic permeability, better stability, with simpler manufacture on a larger-scale and have higher functional density and surface permeability when inserted into the membrane. Here, we report the screening of combinatorial libraries of symmetrical and unsymmetrical rim-functionalized PAs A – D that are able to transport ca. 10⁷–10⁸ water molecules/s/channel, which is within 1 order of magnitude of AQPs’ and show total ion and proton rejection. Among the four channels, C and D are 3–4 times more water permeable than A and B when inserted in bilayer membranes. The binary combinations of A – D with different molar ratios could be expressed as an independent (linear ABA ), a recessive (inhibition AB , AC , DB , ACA ), or a dominant (amplification, DBD ) behavior of the water net permeation events.     

Tuning the Composition and Structure of Ni@MoC Nanosheets for Highly Active and Stable Electrocatalysis in Water Splitting

The conventional electrolytic water-splitting process for hydrogen production is plagued by high energy consumption, low efficiency, and the requirement of expensive catalysts. Therefore, finding effective, affordable, and stable catalysts to drive this reaction is urgently needed. We report a nanosheet catalyst composed of carbon nanotubes encapsulated with MoC/Mo₂C, the Ni@MoC-700 nanosheet showcases low overpotentials of 275 mV for the oxygen evolution reaction and 173 mV for the hydrogen evolution reaction at a current density of 10 mA ⋅ cm⁻². Particularly noteworthy is its outstanding performance in a two-electrode system, where a cell potential of merely 1.64 V is sufficient to achieve the desired current density of 10 mA ⋅ cm⁻². Furthermore, the catalyst demonstrates exceptional durability, maintaining its activity over a continuous operation of 40 hours with only minimal attenuation in overpotential. These outstanding activity levels and long-term stability unequivocally highlight the promising potential of the Ni@MoC-700 catalyst for large-scale water-splitting applications.